Technical characteristics of electric arc furnace & application.
An electric arc furnace is an electric furnace that smelts ores and metals at high temperatures generated by electrode arcs. When the gas discharge forms an arc, the energy is very concentrated, and the arc temperature is above 3000°C.
For smelting metals, the electric arc furnace is more flexible than other steelmaking furnaces. It can effectively remove impurities such as sulfur and phosphorus. The furnace temperature is easy to control and the equipment occupies a small area. It is suitable for smelting high-quality alloy steel.
Classification
Electric arc furnaces can be divided into three-phase electric arc furnaces, consumable EAF, single-phase electric arc furnaces and resistance electric arc furnaces according to the arc form.
The furnace body of the electric arc steelmaking furnace is composed of a furnace cover, a furnace door, a tapping trough and a furnace body. The furnace bottom and furnace wall are built with basic refractory materials or acidic refractory materials.
Electric arc furnaces are divided into ordinary power EAF, high power electric arc furnaces and ultra-high power electric arc furnaces according to the transformer capacity per ton of furnace capacity.
Technical Characteristics of Electric Arc Furnace
EAF steelmaking is to input electric energy into the electric arc steelmaking furnace through graphite electrodes, and use the arc generated between the electrode end and the charge as the heat source for steelmaking.
The electric arc furnace uses electric energy as the heat source, and the atmosphere in the furnace can be adjusted, which is extremely beneficial for smelting steel types that contain more easily oxidizable elements.
Shortly after the invention of electric arc furnace steelmaking, it was used to smelt alloy steel and has been greatly developed.
Application Features
(1) It can be seen from the technical characteristics of the electric arc furnace that EAF uses electric energy as the heat source to avoid the pollution of molten steel by burning fuel, and has high thermal efficiency, which can reach more than 65%;
(2) The temperature of the electric furnace smelting bath is high and easy to control, which meets the requirements of smelting different steel types;
(3) EAF electrothermal conversion, the power input into the molten pool is easy to adjust, so it is easy to realize the automation of the molten pool heating system and easy to operate;
(4) Electric arc furnace steelmaking can consume scrap steel, which is a process of recycling iron resources and an environmental protection technology to deal with pollution. It is equivalent to a recycling tool for steel industry and social scrap steel.
Steel mills can choose high-quality and good-service manufacturers according to planning, demand and output (5-120 tons, or even larger capacity furnaces), so as to ensure the maximum benefit and safety of metal smelting furnaces.